Lewis acidic zeolites are used to synthesize unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters via aldol condensation of keto esters. Optimized bioproduction of itaconic and fumaric acids based. Itaconic acid market global industry analysis and forecast 2023. The fermentation results showed maximum production of itaconic acid of 20. Biobased itaconic acid is expected to find its application in manufacturing adhesives and sealants and is expected to foresee growth on account of development of biobased adhesives and inclination of chemical manufacturers towards. Production of citric acid by submerged fermentation.
Direct production of itaconic acid from liquefied corn starch. Synthesis of itaconic acid ester analogues via selfaldol. Citric acid production on three cellulosic supports in. Itaconic acid ia production by aspergillus terreus mjl05 strain was investigated in submerged batch fermentation in a stirred bioreactor to determine the effect. Although some citric acid is produced by solidstate fermentation, the estimated 2. Synthesis of biobased methacrylic acid by decarboxylation. Strikingly, no production of itaconic acid was obtained when a prototrophic strain was used as a host for the production of itaconic acid, indicating that amino acid. Unsaturated solid bond makes a conjugated system with carbonly group. Itaconic acid, or methylidenesuccinic acid, is an organic compound. Little attention was given on production of ia by solid state fermentation ssf tsai et al. Cmecooh 3, which was refluxed for 24 h with amalgamated zn prepared from zn and hgcl 2 in concentrated hcl, h 2 o, phme, and acoh, plus 4 cc additional concentrated hcl each 6 h. The easy availability of itaconic acid led to its use in the synthesis of menadione. Pdf fungal fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass for.
In general, glucose, sucrose and xylose are preferred raw materials for itaconic acid fermentation, which are known to be utilized efficiently by most of the aspergillus sp. Us3162582a process for the production of itaconic acid. Itaconic acid solidstate fermentation process with peeled sugarcane pressmud as support and starch hydrolysate as carbon source. Effect of potassium ferrocyanide on the chemical composition of molasses mash used in the citric acid fermentation. Study of itaconic acid production by aspergillus terrus mjl05 strain. Ia is used in artificial glass, bioactive compounds in pharmacy, medicine, agriculture, for the synthesis of fiber, resin, plastic, rubber, paints, surfactant, ionexchange resins and lubricant. Methacrylic acid was synthesized from the biobased substrates citric acid, itaconic acid, and 2hydroxyisobutyric acid 2hiba. Since the 1960s it has been produced by fermentation with aspergillus. In future, it can even replace methacylic acid which is presently produced by the petrochemical industry. Hafniumcontaining bea hfbea zeolites catalyze the condensation of ethyl pyruvate into diethyl 2methyl4oxopent2enedioate and diethyl 2methylene4oxopentanedioate an itaconic acid ester analogue with a selectivity of ca. At the end of the process, citric acid can be extracted into hot water and isolated. Name date 11 csource fermentation pilot c6 cellulose labscale c6 cellulose labscale glucose end of fermentation h 115 146 260 itaconic acid produced gl 65. Method for the production of itaconic acid using aspergillus terreus. The conditions used here are identical to those used in example 1, except that the glucose10% wv in medium a was replaced by 33% wv starch hydrolysate which contained 30% wv total sugar.
Itaconic acid also called methylene succinic acid is a white crystalline carboxylic acid obtained by the. Itaconic acid is also produced by submerged liquid state fermentation slf but the yield of itaconic acid observed is less in this method. Read direct fungal fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass into itaconic, fumaric, and malic acids. Itaconic acid production from undetoxified enzymatic.
The production can be done using submerged solid fermentation, and the typical substrates are. Itaconic acid is an unsaturated dicarbonic acid which has a high potential as a biochemical building block, because it can be used as a monomer for the production of a plethora of products including resins, plastics, paints, and synthetic fibers. Itaconic acid, atcad1, microbased production of itaconic acid s. Method for the production of itaconic acid using aspergillus. For the presented work, each fermentation broth was filtered and the ph of the solid. Jan 09, 2001 itaconic acid solid state fermentation process with peeled sugarcane pressmud as support and starch hydrolysate as carbon source. The bioproduction of highvalue chemicals such as itaconic and fumaric acids ia and fa, respectively from renewable resources via solid state fermentation ssf represents an alternative to the current bioprocesses of submerged fermentation using refined sugars. The market volume of itaconic acid has been estimated to be about 15,000 metric tons per year and is expected to grow if the selling price is reduced. Itaconic acid is on the doe department of energy top 12 list of the biotechnologically produced key building blocks in chemicals production, and is a valuable monomer or comonomer in polymers manufacturing 1,2. Date fruit pulp was used as a substrate in solid state fermentation for the production of itaconic acid using naturally occurring fungus.
Ita is produced from the pyrolysis of citric acid or through the fermentation of carbohydrates forming itaconic acid followed by its dehydration to form the anhydride 3, and sm is derived from renewable plant oils 46. Cassava bagasse was found to be a better substrate than vegetable sponge and sugar cane bagasse. Biobased itaconic acid market size global industry report. It has a broad application spectrum in the industrial production of resins and is used as a building block for acrylic plastics, acrylate latexes, superabsorbents, and antiscaling agents willke and vorlop, 2001. Percentage breakdown of volume production for chinese and nonchinese producers includes corresponding graphchart. Beside the investigations of individual unit operations, the research on process chains, leading from plant biomass to the final products like lactic acid, succinic acid, and itaconic acid is increasing. Aspergillus terreus produces itaconic acid at low ph but lovastatin and other secondary metabolites at higher ph in the fermentation. Oct 11, 2018 renewable raw materials in sustainable biorefinery processes pose new challenges to the manufacturing routes of platform chemicals. Itaconic and fumaric acid production from biomass hydrolysates by. Metabolic engineering strategies to improve yeast based. Itaconic acid fermentation using activated charcoal. Citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, gluconic acid, and itaconic acid are some of the organic acids used widely in various industries. In particular dicarboxylic acids, like itaconic acid, can be used as monomers for biopolymers. Both acids are excellent platform chemicals with a wide range of applications in different market, such as plastics, coating, or.
There is a clear distinction between the primary metabolism and product formation in type iii fermentation fig. Itaconic acid 2methylidenebutanedioic acid is an unsaturated dicarbonic acid. Itaconic acid also called methylene succinic acid is a white crystalline carboxylic acid obtained by the fermentation of carbohydrates. Solidstate fermentation takes about 80 to 100 hours for maximal production of citric acid. Monosaccharides were obtained by pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of bamboo residues. These results open the door to the successful exploration of yeast as a suitable microbial cell factory for the production of itaconic acid. Renewable raw materials in sustainable biorefinery processes pose new challenges to the manufacturing routes of platform chemicals. Gluconic acid production by aspergillus terreus dowdells. Aspergillus niger was selected as a host for producing itaconic acid due to its versatile and tolerant character in various growth environments, and its extremely high capacity of accumulating the precursor of itaconic acid. Types and stages of fermentation process explained. World market and biotechnological production of itaconic acid. Production of some amino acids, citric acid and itaconic acid are good examples of type ii fermentation.
Direct fungal fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass into. Itaconic acid ia is a biobased organic acid that can play a very important. Glycerol, a biodiesel byproduct was reported as an efficient substrate to achieve high itaconic acid productivities. This article presents a complete process chain from wooden. Itaconic acid ia production by aspergillus terreus mjl05 strain was investigated in submerged batch fermentation in a stirred bioreactor to determine the effect of varying the nitrogen, phosphorous and carbon sources concentrations in the production medium. In these processes, the solid material most often used is agroindustrial waste, which serves both as. Surface fermentation using liquid as nutrient medium is the. Sandersa methacrylic acid, an important monomer for the plastics industry, was obtained in. Biobased itaconic acid market size global industry. Aug 27, 2012 aspergillus niger was selected as a host for producing itaconic acid due to its versatile and tolerant character in various growth environments, and its extremely high capacity of accumulating the precursor of itaconic acid. These acids are used as building blocks for large numbers of compounds, such as resins, paints, plastics, and synthetic fibers acrylic plastic, super absorbants, and antiscaling agents 67. Itaconic acid ia is one of the most important organic acids that can be. Pdf biobased itaconic acid market and research trendsis. The fungal strain aspergillus terreus m69 purchased from shanghai industrial microbiology institute siim, shanghai, china was used for itaconic acid fermentation.
Organic acids are obtained as the endproducts or sometimes as the intermediate components of a particular biochemical cycle. Integrated process development of a reactive extraction. The bioprocess with filamentous fungi is usually sensitive to hydromechanical stress in submerged fermentation voll et al. Synthesis and characterization of itaconic anhydride and. Synthesis of methacrylic acid by catalytic decarboxylation. Submerged citric acid fermentation of beet molasses in tanktype fermenters.
Polymers produced according to the process of the invention are useful as detergent additives, scale inhibitors and removers, sequestrants, yarn sizers, deflocculating. Six strains of aspergillus niger were screened in liquid medium and strain lpb 21 was selected for further studies on three different agroindustrial wastesresidues for production of citric acid by solid state fermentation. Enhanced itaconic acid production in aspergillus niger. The cac intermediate cisaconitate is enzymatically processed by cisaconitate dehycarboxylase cada to produce itaconic acid 68. Production of itaconic acid by fermentation rhonepoulenc. A possible substrate for ia production with two strains of a. Expressing the cad gene from aspergillus terreus opened the metabolic pathway towards itaconic acid in a. Itaconic acid ia production by fermentation of undetoxified hydrolysate of bamboo residues by aspergillus terreus was demonstrated. Itaconic acid methylene succinic acid is produced commercially by microbial fermentation using the fungus a.
Itaconic anhydride ita and stearyl methacrylate sm are other monomers obtained from renewable resources. Direct production of itaconic acid from liquefied corn. Although some citric acid is produced by solid state fermentation, the estimated 2. Sigmaaldrich offers a number of itaconic acid products. Although most of the processes for lactic acid production are conducted by submerged fermentation, some processes in solid state have been successfully developed table 18. Pdf synthesis of itaconic acid from agricultural waste. Sugarcane pressmud or peeled sugarcane pressmud is the support.
An improved process for the production of itaconic acid andor a salt thereof by aerobic microbial fermentation of a nutrient medium containing a source of assimilable carbon and at least one microorganism which produces itaconic acid andor a salt thereof when cultured in the presence of said assimilable carbon, the improvement wherein said source of assimilable carbon at. In order to promote the biobased economy, the usdepartment of energy doe assigned a top12 of platform chemicals, which include numerous of organic acids. Itaconic acid definition of itaconic acid by the free. Fungal fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass for itaconic and. Itaconic acid is mostly produced by the fungal fermentation of glucose syrup. This dicarboxylic acid is a white solid that is soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone.
Itaconic acid ia is one of the hopeful substances within the cluster of organic acids. The buffer was confirmed to be an inhibitor, and was. The method to produce itaconic acid is a solidstate fermentation method. Improving itaconic acid production through genetic. Competitive landscape chinese players dominate the world itaconic acid market table 21. Development of solid state fermentation is expected to open new avenues for biobased itaconic acid market. It can be used in industry as monomer or comonomer in the manufacturing of polymers, and is on the doe department of energy top 12 list of the biotechnologically produced building block chemicals 1,2. Aug 17, 2014 itaconic acid methylene succinic acid is produced commercially by microbial fermentation using the fungus a. The name itaconic acid was devised as an anagram of aconitic acid, another derivative of citric acid. Us5336744a process for polymerization of itaconic acid.
Itaconic acid ia is a dicarboxylic acid included in the us. Pdf itaconic acid production by novel aspergillus niveus in solid. Hydrochloric acid was chosen to allow comparisons with the initial screening experiments and due to the small amounts needed to change the ph to a value less than p k a. Optimized bioproduction of itaconic and fumaric acids. In this work it was found that the production of itaconic acid is higher in fermentations initiated with lower cellular densities.
Enhanced itaconic acid production in aspergillus niger using. The itaconic acid anhydride 1 was converted by the friedelcrafts reaction with c 6 h 6 2 and alcl 3 to bzch. In this context, itaconic acid ia or methylene succinic acid 1, fig. Hydrotalcite, a solid base catalyst, was employed to form methacrylic acid maa through decarboxylation of itaconic acid and citric acid. Itaconic acid fermentation using activated charcoaltreated. Production of itaconic acid by ustilago maydis from agro. Biotechnology and bioengineering 1965, 7 2, 269278. The itaconic acid produced by solid state fermentation ssf was 8. Production of itaconic acid by ustlago maydis from agro wastes in solid state fermentation. Itaconic acid a versatile building block for renewable. Historically, itaconic acid was obtained by the distillation of citric acid, but currently it is produced by fermentation.
Biomassderived production of itaconic acid as a building. Solidstate fermentation for the production of organic acids. Itaconic acid is a dicarboxylic acid that is methacrylic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a carboxylic acid group. Itaconic acid is mostly used in the form of derivatives in several enduser industries.
The effect of temperature, catalyst mass, residence time, substrate concentration, and fermentation media, on. Pdf production of itaconic acid by ustlago maydis from agro. Information about the openaccess article production of itaconic acid by ustilago maydis from agro wastes in solid state fermentation in doaj. Itaconic acid is exclusively produced this way bafana and pandey 2018. Solidstate fermentation for the production of organic. Particularly, it can even replace acrylic and methacrylic acid. With a starting ph of 65, glucose was rapidly metabolized to gluconic acid by the wild.
In general, glucose, sucrose and xylose are preferred raw materials for itaconic acid fermentation, which are known. The bioproduction of highvalue chemicals such as itaconic and fumaric acids ia and fa, respectively from renewable resources via solidstate fermentation ssf represents an alternative to the current bioprocesses of submerged fermentation using refined sugars. Itaconic acid production by novel aspergillus niveus in solid state fermentation using agrowastes. Exploring saccharomyces cerevisiae to improve microbe. The utilization of glucose as a carbon substrate was investigated for secondary metabolite production by a. Feb 14, 20 itaconic acid as a renewable organic acid is of growing interest for the chemical industry, because of its potential to replace crude oil based products like acrylic acid. Solid state fermentation product recovery advantages of biobased production 6.
The growth of the organisms can be accelerated by the addition of. Itaconic acid is an example of a dicarbonic unsaturated acid. Production of important organic acids by fermentation. Pdf filamentous fungi from the genus aspergillus are of high importance for the production of organic acids. The itaconic acid produced by liquid state fermentation is 4. Pdf production of itaconic acid by ustlago maydis from. Most of the work was done by submerged fermentation conditions. It has a role as a fungal metabolite and a human metabolite. Since the 1960s the production of itaconic acid is achieved by. Polymers of itaconic acid are formed at high conversion by an aqueous polymerization process of partially neutralized monomer solution, water, polyvalent metal ion and initiator. It is a dicarboxylic acid and an olefinic compound. In solidstate fermentation processes, there is lack of free water in the culture medium, with only enough amount to maintain the growth of the microorganism pandey et al.
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